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Video & Audio Podcast
from Sweden

Produced by Radio La Benevolencija HTF © 2016-2018
Partner in Sweden: É Romani Glinda

Directed by: Miško Stanišić
Editor: Marko Korać
Production: Georgeta Pintilie
Production coordinator in Sweden: Fred Taikon

Fred Taikon

Fred Taikon

PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

REGISTRATION, STERILISATION, ASSIMILATION AND IGNORANCE

Even before the times of the State Institute for Racial Biology, until recently when the Swedish Police was caught creating a secret Roma-register, Roma in Sweden were victims of institutional and state-sponsored discrimination and abuse. How does it influence the Roma in Sweden today, and who should be integrating with whom in the 20-years strategy for Roma integration?

UNITED COLORS OF THE ROMA 

DIVERSITY OF THE ROMA IDENTITIES

Many claim that Sweden is a “little Europe” with the largest number of different Roma groups and dialects. This diversity brings new opportunities and challenges. United, Roma groups benefit in a joint fight for their rights. But, does this unity endanger unique history, culture, language characteristic of diverse Roma groups? Is it possible to develop a united Roma identity and how does it work in a country with a long history of discrimination and marginalisation of the Roma such as Sweden?

Subtitles and Language settings: click [CC] to choose available subtitles.
This is a version with English graphics. Click here for version in Romani.

In this video, in order of appearance: 

Katri Lina, Senior Legal Advisor at Civil Rights Defenders, Stockholm; Maija Runcis, PhD historian, Stockholm University; Fred Taikon, Founder of E Romani Glinda and activist, Stockholm; Jon Pettersson, President of the Franzwagner Society, Helsingborg; Erland Kaldaras, Chairman of the Roma Youth Organisation, Malmö; Rosario Ali Taikon, Political Scientist and activist, Stockholm; Anna Skarhed, Chancellor of Justice, Stockholm; Adam Szoppe, Radio Romano – Swedish public radio Roma department, Stockholm; Joakim von Scheele, Project Manager at the Living History Forum, Stockholm;

Subtitles and Language settings: click [CC] to choose available subtitles.
This is a version with English graphics. Click here for version in Romani.

In this video, in order of appearance: 

Fred Taikon, Founder of E Romani Glinda and activist, Stockholm; Angelina Dimiter Taikon, activist and teacher, Stockholm; Jon Pettersson, President of the Franzwagner Society, Helsingborg; Baki Hasan, The Swedih Language Council (Språkrådet), Stockholm; Erland Kaldaras, Chairman of the Roma Youth Organisation, Malmö; Stefano Kuzhicov, Roma Inclusion at the Labour Market Administration; Helsingborg; Rosario Ali Taikon, Political Scientist and activist, Stockholm; Adam Szoppe, Radio Romano – Swedish public radio Roma department, Stockholm; Hans Caldaras, Singer, composer, author and acivist, Stockholm; Christina Rodell Olgac, Professor at the School of Culture and Education, Södertörn University, Stockholm;

Audio version:

Music: White Atlantis by Sergey Cheremisinov, Night II by Swelling, some excerpts from the music of Barcelona Gipsy BalKan Orchestra, and a clip from the music video by KAL

Developed by Miško Stanišić

Discuss, Investigate, Learn

Each episode addresses several of the following 12 themes:
1. LIFE BEFORE WORLD WAR II | 2. PERSECUTION | 3. RESISTANCE | 4. SURVIVING | 5. LASTING IMPRINTS | 6. RECOGNITION | 7. REMEMBRANCE | 8. KNOWLEDGE, AWARENESS AND EDUCATION | 9. CONTINUITY OF DISCRIMINATION | 10. CHALLENGES TODAY | 11. SHARED HISTORY AND ROMA IDENTITY | 12. ROMA AND SINTI VOICES | 

Analyze each episode using this list of themes. Research further. Discuss your findings and opinions. Share your thoughts. Promote your opinions on social media. Read more about how to use this material in the classroom, in public debates, for awareness campaigns and activism, or in the Roma-run media on the page dedicated to Tajsa.eu Educational Resources:

EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES

Highlighted Keywords

Think and Reflect

Some of the most significant statements by the interviewees, the “keywords”, are selected for further discussion and examination. The quotes are presented together with the respective screenshots from the video. Each quote is related to one of the 12 themes (this is marked above each screenshot). Review and discuss the selected quotes. You might also:

Find the selected quote in the video. Listen again to the whole conversation.
Analyze what can we learn from the selected quote.
If it is a testimony/personal experience: when and where did it happen? Who were the protagonists? Describe what happened.
Do you have any similar personal experiences, or other knowledge that helps you understand the described event/experience better?
Why, in your opinion, is the selected quote related to that particular theme. Could it also be related to some of the other proposed themes? Explain.
Watch the video again and find other significant quotes or other moments that made impression on you. Explain why did you choose it, and how did you understand it.
Relate the quote you have chosen with one of the 13 themes. Explain.

Theme:

Continuity of Discrimination

Theme:

Life before World War II

Theme:

Resistance

Theme:

Persecution

From video 1:
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

 The fact that this type of register can be made even today has of course a background in something that has existed earlier, that is, an idea that it is good to keep an eye on Roma, that you can control that group. 
(commenting the recent “police register of the Roma” in Sweden)

Katri Lina, Senior Legal Advisor at Civil Rights Defenders;

From video 1:
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

 When a group that looks in a certain way, behaves in a certain way, spreads, and a society loses control over it, that is when we need to find suitable ways to map this particular group of people. This is where the Institute for Racial Biology enters and pleads for sterilization in order to prevent an “infection of the society”.

Maija Runcis, PhD historian, Stockholm University;

From video 1:
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

 The “little man” has won a lawsuit over his state! That was huge! It was big. It was one of the major events in Sweden’s history.
(commenting the court ruling: Swedish state found guilty of ethnic registration of the Roma)

Fred Taikon, Founder of E Romani Glinda and activist, Stockholm;

From video 1:
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

 One was forced to embrace an anonymous lifestyle, stop using the Romani language, and stop expressing any kind of Roma culture, sort to speak. And for our group in Sweden it caused consequences similar to genocide.

Jon Pettersson, President of the Franzwagner Society, Helsingborg;

Theme:

Shared History and Roma Identity

Theme:

Lasting Imprints

Theme:

Challenges Today

Theme:

Roma Voices

From video 1:
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

it has affected us very much, that is, our life. While my dad did not want to tell us until now when he’s 80 years old. (…) So one feel that now I’m so old that unless I tell it now it will be too late. And I think that it is something that is similar for many, many, older Roma, that they are getting so old that they feel that now I have to tell you – otherwise it’s too late.

Erland Kaldaras, Chairman of the Roma Youth Organisation, Malmö;

From video 1:
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

 The mistrust of authorities, mistrust of police, and the like, it is something most have lived in their daily lives, both based on their own experiences, but also from their parents’ or grandparents’ ways to act or think.

Rosario Ali Taikon, Political Scientist and activist, Stockholm;

From video 1:
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

To develop democracy, one must believe in it. We must believe that society is not an evil power. I always say that the state is not somewhere else, there… No! The state is us!

Anna Skarhed, Chancellor of Justice, Stockholm;

From video 1:
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

 We at Radio Romano were forced to think about how we worked, because we were five out of seven in the Roma editorial board registered in the Police register. When you work in public service then you have to work professionally. That’s another thing when you’re private Radio. We are Swedish Radio even though our name is Radio Romano, so we are Swedish Radio, and then we must be independent and give credibility. You have to be!

Adam Szoppe, Radio Romano – Swedish public radio Roma department, Stockholm;

Theme:

Knowledge, Awareness and Education

Theme:

Challenges Today

Theme:

Shared History and Roma Identity

Theme:

Shared History and Roma Identity

From video 1:
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION

We had the Roma themselves as educators who met students to actually talk about stereotypical concepts, prejudices and antiziganism. I think it’s quite unique for many students to actually meet a person who himself has been forced to live in a tent, in Sweden, despite that they didn’t want to live in a tent. There was nothing nice about it, or lovely, or adventurous. It was just cold, as many said, and they wanted nothing but a regular home. And this is Sweden’s history!

Joakim von Scheele, Project Manager at the Living History Forum, Stockholm;

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

 The government went out saying that we must help integrate the Roma into our society, and that is why we have given them the national minority status, to enter the community. But the question that I had was: do the majority population want to integrate with us?

Fred Taikon, Founder of E Romani Glinda and activist, Stockholm;

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

During the 60’s and 70’s there was very much assimilation policy in Sweden. We supposed to be “rehabilitated” to become “good citizens”. We were given access to school and education. But also, during this process, so much disappeared from the history, language, culture and tradition. Now we found ourselves in the situation that some groups in Sweden have been under assimilation policies for so long that they no longer know what they supposed to revitalize.

Angelina Dimiter Taikon, activist and teacher, Stockholm;

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

 I think that a question of building a common Roma identity is an extremely problematic issue. It is the same as building a European identity for all the European nations, which I now think is an impossibility. I often think that when you get into this, the result, the thoughts around it, is that you have to divide yourself in a way. That one must choose to be Roma, or to belong to the majority society. But you should be able to be a part of society despite of belonging to a Roma group!

Jon Pettersson, President of the Franzwagner Society, Helsingborg;

Theme:

Shared History and Roma Identity

Theme:

Continuity of Discrimination 

Theme:

Shared History and Roma Identity

Theme:

Challenges Today

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

 This process of harmonizing the Romani language has shown that it is simply a necessity, given that the Roma are spread, given that the Roma did not have much contact with each other. (…) The process of harmonization is actually one step before the standardization.

Baki Hasan, The Swedih Language Council (Språkrådet), Stockholm;

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

 Although the Roma have lived in Sweden for at least 500 years, most Swedes do not even know about the existence of the Roma. (…) There is nothing (about the Roma) in our history books, there is nothing in our school books. My children go to school and learn about Indians in Alaska. But they do not learn about Roma in Sweden.

Erland Kaldaras, Chairman of the Roma Youth Organisation, Malmö;

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

 It is very important to recognize each other’s culture, and history, what has happened. This has to be done between the Roma groups. (…) But I do not think that the Roma know about it. I do not think that the Roma know so much about how other Roma have or use to have it in other countries.

Stefano Kuzhicov, Roma Inclusion at the Labour Market Administration; Helsingborg;

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

 For Roma organizations it is important to be able to work across borders. First, to find strength in each other, and to see how others have addressed the issues in their countries. But then it is important for us to take joint responsibility.

Rosario Ali Taikon, Political Scientist and activist, Stockholm;

Theme:

Lasting Imprints

Theme:

Knowledge, Awareness and Education

Theme:

Knowledge, Awareness and Education

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

 There are not many Roma in the media, but there are more Roma than you think in the media. We know that there are Roma in Swedish Radio and Swedish Television, but they have asked us not to reveal that they are Roma.

Adam Szoppe, Radio Romano – Swedish public radio Roma department, Stockholm;

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

 Prejudice are such: you hear what you want to hear, you see what you think you see, based on your values and opinions. And it has been missed in the school, that one does not teach about the Roma and other groups in the country, that are considered “different”.

Hans Caldaras, Singer, composer, author and acivist, Stockholm;

From video 2:
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA

 Many believe that diversity began after World War II with immigration. The historical diversity, it is still made invisible.

Christina Rodell Olgac, Professor at the School of Culture and Education, Södertörn University, Stockholm;

HOLOCAUST
Poem by Witt Mihaj

Romeeen, žuvljá thaj šavořén
Line le germanski savořén
O Auschwitz sas pe léngo drooom
Koté Xasájle, sa, le, rom.
Tuménge amaré džilá, pačiv pa tumé serás.
Tuménge amaré asva, kaj svunto Del rudžiseras.
Holocaust, Holocaust sa koté xasájle muré rom
Koté phabón, koté rovén, koté cipín karíng amé
te na maj but mukén o Holocausto, te avél.

HOLOCAUST
Poem by Witt Mihaj

Män, kvinnor och barn
Tyskarna tog er alla
och Auschwitz fanns på deras väg,
där Förlorade vi alla romer.
För er är våra sånger en glädje när vi minns.
För er rinner nu våra tårar och till gud vi ber.
Holocaust, Holocaust där försvann alla mina romer,
där brann de, där grät de och där ropade de till oss, och bad,
att Holocaust får aldrig uppstå igen.

Svensk översättning av Fred Taikon

EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES

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