PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
REGISTRATION, STERILISATION, ASSIMILATION AND IGNORANCE
Even before the times of the State Institute for Racial Biology, until recently when the Swedish Police was caught creating a secret Roma-register, Roma in Sweden were victims of institutional and state-sponsored discrimination and abuse. How does it influence the Roma in Sweden today, and who should be integrating with whom in the 20-years strategy for Roma integration?
UNITED COLORS OF THE ROMA
DIVERSITY OF THE ROMA IDENTITIES
Many claim that Sweden is a “little Europe” with the largest number of different Roma groups and dialects. This diversity brings new opportunities and challenges. United, Roma groups benefit in a joint fight for their rights. But, does this unity endanger unique history, culture, language characteristic of diverse Roma groups? Is it possible to develop a united Roma identity and how does it work in a country with a long history of discrimination and marginalisation of the Roma such as Sweden?
Subtitles and Language settings: click [CC] to choose available subtitles.
This is a version with English graphics. Click here for version in Romani.
In this video, in order of appearance:
Katri Lina, Senior Legal Advisor at Civil Rights Defenders, Stockholm; Maija Runcis, PhD historian, Stockholm University; Fred Taikon, Founder of E Romani Glinda and activist, Stockholm; Jon Pettersson, President of the Franzwagner Society, Helsingborg; Erland Kaldaras, Chairman of the Roma Youth Organisation, Malmö; Rosario Ali Taikon, Political Scientist and activist, Stockholm; Anna Skarhed, Chancellor of Justice, Stockholm; Adam Szoppe, Radio Romano – Swedish public radio Roma department, Stockholm; Joakim von Scheele, Project Manager at the Living History Forum, Stockholm;
Subtitles and Language settings: click [CC] to choose available subtitles.
This is a version with English graphics. Click here for version in Romani.
In this video, in order of appearance:
Fred Taikon, Founder of E Romani Glinda and activist, Stockholm; Angelina Dimiter Taikon, activist and teacher, Stockholm; Jon Pettersson, President of the Franzwagner Society, Helsingborg; Baki Hasan, The Swedih Language Council (Språkrådet), Stockholm; Erland Kaldaras, Chairman of the Roma Youth Organisation, Malmö; Stefano Kuzhicov, Roma Inclusion at the Labour Market Administration; Helsingborg; Rosario Ali Taikon, Political Scientist and activist, Stockholm; Adam Szoppe, Radio Romano – Swedish public radio Roma department, Stockholm; Hans Caldaras, Singer, composer, author and acivist, Stockholm; Christina Rodell Olgac, Professor at the School of Culture and Education, Södertörn University, Stockholm;
Audio version:
Music: White Atlantis by Sergey Cheremisinov, Night II by Swelling, some excerpts from the music of Barcelona Gipsy BalKan Orchestra, and a clip from the music video by KAL
Highlighted Keywords
Think and Reflect
Some of the most significant statements by the interviewees, the “keywords”, are selected for further discussion and examination. The quotes are presented together with the respective screenshots from the video. Each quote is related to one of the 12 themes (this is marked above each screenshot). Review and discuss the selected quotes. You might also:
Analyze what can we learn from the selected quote.
If it is a testimony/personal experience: when and where did it happen? Who were the protagonists? Describe what happened.
Do you have any similar personal experiences, or other knowledge that helps you understand the described event/experience better?
Why, in your opinion, is the selected quote related to that particular theme. Could it also be related to some of the other proposed themes? Explain.
Watch the video again and find other significant quotes or other moments that made impression on you. Explain why did you choose it, and how did you understand it.
Relate the quote you have chosen with one of the 13 themes. Explain.
Theme:
Continuity of Discrimination
Theme:
Life before World War II
Theme:
Resistance
Theme:
Persecution
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
(commenting the recent “police register of the Roma” in Sweden)
Katri Lina, Senior Legal Advisor at Civil Rights Defenders;
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
When a group that looks in a certain way, behaves in a certain way, spreads, and a society loses control over it, that is when we need to find suitable ways to map this particular group of people. This is where the Institute for Racial Biology enters and pleads for sterilization in order to prevent an “infection of the society”.
Maija Runcis, PhD historian, Stockholm University;
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
(commenting the court ruling: Swedish state found guilty of ethnic registration of the Roma)
Fred Taikon, Founder of E Romani Glinda and activist, Stockholm;
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
One was forced to embrace an anonymous lifestyle, stop using the Romani language, and stop expressing any kind of Roma culture, sort to speak. And for our group in Sweden it caused consequences similar to genocide.
Jon Pettersson, President of the Franzwagner Society, Helsingborg;
Theme:
Shared History and Roma Identity
Theme:
Lasting Imprints
Theme:
Challenges Today
Theme:
Roma Voices
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
Erland Kaldaras, Chairman of the Roma Youth Organisation, Malmö;
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
Rosario Ali Taikon, Political Scientist and activist, Stockholm;
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
To develop democracy, one must believe in it. We must believe that society is not an evil power. I always say that the state is not somewhere else, there… No! The state is us!
Anna Skarhed, Chancellor of Justice, Stockholm;
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
We at Radio Romano were forced to think about how we worked, because we were five out of seven in the Roma editorial board registered in the Police register. When you work in public service then you have to work professionally. That’s another thing when you’re private Radio. We are Swedish Radio even though our name is Radio Romano, so we are Swedish Radio, and then we must be independent and give credibility. You have to be!
Adam Szoppe, Radio Romano – Swedish public radio Roma department, Stockholm;
Theme:
Knowledge, Awareness and Education
Theme:
Challenges Today
Theme:
Shared History and Roma Identity
Theme:
Shared History and Roma Identity
PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE REALITY OF DISCRIMINATION
We had the Roma themselves as educators who met students to actually talk about stereotypical concepts, prejudices and antiziganism. I think it’s quite unique for many students to actually meet a person who himself has been forced to live in a tent, in Sweden, despite that they didn’t want to live in a tent. There was nothing nice about it, or lovely, or adventurous. It was just cold, as many said, and they wanted nothing but a regular home. And this is Sweden’s history!
Joakim von Scheele, Project Manager at the Living History Forum, Stockholm;
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
The government went out saying that we must help integrate the Roma into our society, and that is why we have given them the national minority status, to enter the community. But the question that I had was: do the majority population want to integrate with us?
Fred Taikon, Founder of E Romani Glinda and activist, Stockholm;
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
During the 60’s and 70’s there was very much assimilation policy in Sweden. We supposed to be “rehabilitated” to become “good citizens”. We were given access to school and education. But also, during this process, so much disappeared from the history, language, culture and tradition. Now we found ourselves in the situation that some groups in Sweden have been under assimilation policies for so long that they no longer know what they supposed to revitalize.
Angelina Dimiter Taikon, activist and teacher, Stockholm;
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
I think that a question of building a common Roma identity is an extremely problematic issue. It is the same as building a European identity for all the European nations, which I now think is an impossibility. I often think that when you get into this, the result, the thoughts around it, is that you have to divide yourself in a way. That one must choose to be Roma, or to belong to the majority society. But you should be able to be a part of society despite of belonging to a Roma group!
Jon Pettersson, President of the Franzwagner Society, Helsingborg;
Theme:
Shared History and Roma Identity
Theme:
Continuity of Discrimination
Theme:
Shared History and Roma Identity
Theme:
Challenges Today
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
This process of harmonizing the Romani language has shown that it is simply a necessity, given that the Roma are spread, given that the Roma did not have much contact with each other. (…) The process of harmonization is actually one step before the standardization.
Baki Hasan, The Swedih Language Council (Språkrådet), Stockholm;
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
Although the Roma have lived in Sweden for at least 500 years, most Swedes do not even know about the existence of the Roma. (…) There is nothing (about the Roma) in our history books, there is nothing in our school books. My children go to school and learn about Indians in Alaska. But they do not learn about Roma in Sweden.
Erland Kaldaras, Chairman of the Roma Youth Organisation, Malmö;
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
It is very important to recognize each other’s culture, and history, what has happened. This has to be done between the Roma groups. (…) But I do not think that the Roma know about it. I do not think that the Roma know so much about how other Roma have or use to have it in other countries.
Stefano Kuzhicov, Roma Inclusion at the Labour Market Administration; Helsingborg;
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
Rosario Ali Taikon, Political Scientist and activist, Stockholm;
Theme:
Lasting Imprints
Theme:
Knowledge, Awareness and Education
Theme:
Knowledge, Awareness and Education
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
There are not many Roma in the media, but there are more Roma than you think in the media. We know that there are Roma in Swedish Radio and Swedish Television, but they have asked us not to reveal that they are Roma.
Adam Szoppe, Radio Romano – Swedish public radio Roma department, Stockholm;
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
Prejudice are such: you hear what you want to hear, you see what you think you see, based on your values and opinions. And it has been missed in the school, that one does not teach about the Roma and other groups in the country, that are considered “different”.
Hans Caldaras, Singer, composer, author and acivist, Stockholm;
UNITED COLORS
OF THE ROMA
Many believe that diversity began after World War II with immigration. The historical diversity, it is still made invisible.
Christina Rodell Olgac, Professor at the School of Culture and Education, Södertörn University, Stockholm;
HOLOCAUST
Poem by Witt Mihaj
Romeeen, žuvljá thaj šavořén
Line le germanski savořén
O Auschwitz sas pe léngo drooom
Koté Xasájle, sa, le, rom.
Tuménge amaré džilá, pačiv pa tumé serás.
Tuménge amaré asva, kaj svunto Del rudžiseras.
Holocaust, Holocaust sa koté xasájle muré rom
Koté phabón, koté rovén, koté cipín karíng amé
te na maj but mukén o Holocausto, te avél.
HOLOCAUST
Poem by Witt Mihaj
Män, kvinnor och barn
Tyskarna tog er alla
och Auschwitz fanns på deras väg,
där Förlorade vi alla romer.
För er är våra sånger en glädje när vi minns.
För er rinner nu våra tårar och till gud vi ber.
Holocaust, Holocaust där försvann alla mina romer,
där brann de, där grät de och där ropade de till oss, och bad,
att Holocaust får aldrig uppstå igen.
Svensk översättning av Fred Taikon